{"id":71,"date":"2007-04-27T02:00:56","date_gmt":"2007-04-27T00:00:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/?page_id=71"},"modified":"2007-05-06T15:26:36","modified_gmt":"2007-05-06T13:26:36","slug":"electrophysiological-correlates-of-higher-states-of-consciousness-during-sleep","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/scientific-research\/electrophysiological-correlates-of-higher-states-of-consciousness-during-sleep\/","title":{"rendered":"Electrophysiological correlates of higher states of consciousness"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Mason, L, Alexander, C., Travis, F, Marsh, Orme-Johnson, D.W., Gackenbach, J., Mason, D.C., Rainforth, M., &amp; Walton, K.G. (1997). Electrophysiological correlates of higher states of consciousness during sleep in long-term practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation program.<br \/>\n<em>Sleep<\/em>, 20: 102-110.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong><br \/>\nStandard ambulatory night sleep electroencephalograph (EEG) of 11 long-term practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation (TM) program reporting &#8220;higher states of consciousness&#8221; during sleep (the experimental group) was compared to that of nine short-term practitioners and 11 non-practitioners. EEG tracings during stages 3 and 4 sleep showed the experimental group to have:<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>(1) theta-alpha activity simultaneously with delta activity and<br \/>\n(2) decreased chin electromyogram (EMG) during deep sleep compared to short-term practitioners. Spectral analysis fast Fourier transform (FFT) data of the first three cycles showed that:<br \/>\n(3) the experimental subjects had significantly greater theta2 (6-8 Hz)-alpha1 (8-10 Hz) relative power during stages 3 and 4 than the combined control groups with no difference in time in delta;<br \/>\n(4) there was a graded difference across groups during stages 3 and 4 in theta2-alpha1, with experimentals having greater power than short-term practitioners,who in turn had greater power than the non-practitioners; and<br \/>\n(5) experimentals also had increased rapid eye movement (REM) density compared to short-term practitioners. (There was no eye-movement data for the non-practitioners.)<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<p>Previous studies have found increased theta-alpha EEG during reported periods of &#8220;transcendental consciousness&#8221; during the TM technique. In the Vedic tradition, as described by Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, transcendental consciousness is the first of a sequence of higher states. The maintenance of transcendental consciousness along with deep sleep is said to be a distinctive criterion of further, stabilized higher states of consciousness. The findings of this study are interpreted as physiological support for this model.<\/p>\n<h2><\/h2>\n<h2><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mason, L, Alexander, C., Travis, F, Marsh, Orme-Johnson, D.W., Gackenbach, J., Mason, D.C., Rainforth, M., &amp; Walton, K.G. (1997). Electrophysiological correlates of higher states of consciousness during sleep in long-term practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation program. Sleep, 20: 102-110. Abstract Standard ambulatory night sleep electroencephalograph (EEG) of 11 long-term practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation (TM) [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":88,"menu_order":1,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/88"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.totalbrain.ch\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}